Which Of The Following Methods Of Flood Control Is The Cheapest And Most Effective?

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Inundation management

The likelihood of a river bursting its banks and flooding is adamant by various factors in the surrounding landscape. Floods tin be catastrophic, but they tin also accept positive long-term effects.

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Flood management methods

Steps can be taken to manage flooding. This is known every bit River Management . Often these steps involve trying to lengthen the corporeality of fourth dimension information technology takes for water to attain the river channel, thereby increasing the lag fourth dimension.

Hard engineering methods tend to exist more expensive and have a greater impact on the river and the surrounding mural. They will require more extensive alterations to the river to endeavor to terminate flooding.

Soft engineering methods are usually more ecologically sensitive. They will attempt to manage flood rather than prevent it.

Hard-engineering

Dams

Built along the course of a river to control the amount of discharge. Water is held dorsum by the dam and released in a controlled manner.
Water is normally stored in a reservoir behind the dam . This water can and then be used to generate hydroelectric power or for recreation purposes.
Expensive to build.
Settlements and agronomical state may be lost when the river valley is flooded to form a reservoir .

Alluvion walls

Can be used to raise the acme of the river bank to a level where the river might not outburst its banks.
Tin can be permanent features or incorporated into the design of an area and go invisible.
Can also be temporary structures where flood gates or removable 'stoplogs' are congenital to protect a stretch of river.

Levees and embankments

Bogus levees can be built along river banks so that if the river floods, the h2o will not be able to breach the wall and cause damage. Levees can be expensive and tin spoil the look of rivers.
Flood embankments are commonly used in rural areas. They tin take up a lot of space and are cheaper than overflowing walls but they can also cause the speed of the water in the river to exist increased which volition only move any potential flooding further downstream.

Straightening and Deepening

The river channel may be widened or deepened allowing it to carry more water. A river channel may be straightened and then that water tin travel faster along the course. The aqueduct course of the river tin also be altered, diverting floodwaters away from settlements.
Altering the river channel may lead to a greater chance of flooding downstream, as the water is carried there faster.